Real, hypothetical and impossible conditions. Three types with tense combinations.
| Type | Si clause | Result clause | Meaning |
|---|---|---|---|
| Real / possible | si + present | present / future | If X happens, Y will happen |
| Hypothetical | si + imperfect subjunctive | conditional | If X happened, Y would happen |
| Impossible past | si + pluperfect subjunctive | conditional perfect | If X had happened, Y would have happened |
Si llueve, no vamos. (If it rains, we don't go.)
Si estudias, aprobarás. (If you study, you'll pass.)
Si tienes hambre, come algo. (If you're hungry, eat something.)
Si tuviera dinero, viajaría. (If I had money, I would travel.)
Si hablara español, conseguiría el trabajo. (If I spoke Spanish, I'd get the job.)
Si fuera tú, estudiaría más. (If I were you, I'd study more.)
hablar → hablara / hablase
tener → tuviera / tuviese
ser → fuera / fuese
Both -ra and -se forms are correct. -ra is more common in speech.
Si hubiera estudiado, habría aprobado. (If I had studied, I would have passed.)
Si hubieras venido, te habrías divertido. (If you had come, you would have had fun.)
Si tendré tiempo... ✗ → Si tengo tiempo... ✓Si tendría dinero... ✗ → Si tuviera dinero... ✓
The conditional NEVER goes in the si clause.
1. Si _____ (llover), no vamos. (real possibility)
2. Si _____ (tener) dinero, viajaría. (hypothetical)
3. Si estudias, _____ (aprobar — future).
4. Si _____ (ser) tú, estudiaría más.
5. Si hubiera estudiado, _____ (aprobar).
6. Si _____ español, conseguiría el trabajo.
7. Si tienes hambre, _____ algo.
8. Si _____ venido, te habrías divertido.
9. Si _____ tiempo, te ayudo. (real)
10. "Si tendría dinero..." is _____.
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