Spanish-English Cognates

Thousands of Spanish words you already know! Patterns that let you guess correctly: -tion, -ty, -ous, -al.

-tion → -ción (thousands of words!)

EnglishSpanishEnglishSpanish
nationnacióneducationeducación
informationinformacióncommunicationcomunicación
situationsituaciónorganizationorganización
attentionatencióntraditiontradición
actionacciónrevolutionrevolución

-ty → -dad / -tad

EnglishSpanishEnglishSpanish
universityuniversidadcityciudad
libertylibertadrealityrealidad
qualitycalidadsocietysociedad
opportunityoportunidadidentityidentidad

-ous → -oso/a

EnglishSpanishEnglishSpanish
famousfamosonervousnervioso
deliciousdeliciosocuriouscurioso
religiousreligiosogenerousgeneroso

More reliable patterns

English endingSpanish endingExamples
-al-alnormal, animal, hospital, cultural, natural
-ble-blepossible, terrible, horrible, invisible
-ant/-ent-ante/-enteimportante, inteligente, elegante, evidente
-ive-ivo/aactivo, positivo, negativo, creativo
-ic-ico/apúblico, música, romántico, fantástico
-ism-ismoturismo, capitalismo, romanticismo
-ist-istaturista, artista, optimista, pianista

Identical or near-identical words

Words that are the same or almost the same

Identical: chocolate, hotel, animal, hospital, color, error, horror, taxi, radio, idea, yoga, virus
Near-identical: teléfono, computadora, restaurante, problema, sistema, programa, televisión, música

You already know ~3,000+ Spanish words through cognates!

About 30-40% of English words have a Spanish cognate. With the patterns above, you can often guess the Spanish word correctly. Just watch out for false cognates (see our False Cognates lesson).

Quick quiz

1. -tion in English becomes _____ in Spanish.

2. university = _____.

3. famous = _____.

4. -ble words are usually _____ in Spanish.

5. positive = _____.

6. -ist becomes _____ in Spanish.

7. turismo comes from the English pattern -ism → _____.

8. About _____% of English words have Spanish cognates.

9. chocolate in Spanish = _____.

10. -ic becomes _____ in Spanish.

Explore more Spanish resources

Free tools for translation, text-to-speech and language learning.

Learn Spanish HubTranslator