Subject, object and reflexive pronouns with audio pronunciation. Click any row to hear it spoken.
Subject pronouns tell you who is doing the action. In Spanish, they are often dropped because the verb ending already indicates the subject. But you need to know them to conjugate correctly.
| Spanish | English | Usage |
|---|---|---|
| yo | I | 1st person singular |
| tú | you (informal) | friends, family, peers |
| usted | you (formal) | respect, strangers, elders |
| él | he | 3rd person masculine |
| ella | she | 3rd person feminine |
| nosotros/nosotras | we | 1st person plural |
| vosotros/vosotras | you all (Spain) | informal plural, Spain only |
| ustedes | you all | formal plural / Latin America |
| ellos/ellas | they | 3rd person plural |
Use tú with friends, children and people your age. Use usted with strangers, elderly people and in formal settings. When in doubt, start with usted — switching to tú is easier than the other way around. In Latin America, some countries use vos instead of tú.
Direct object pronouns replace the thing or person receiving the action. They go before the conjugated verb.
| Pronoun | Meaning | Example |
|---|---|---|
| me | me | Ella me ve — She sees me |
| te | you | Te llamo — I call you |
| lo | him/it (m) | Lo compro — I buy it |
| la | her/it (f) | La veo — I see her |
| nos | us | Nos invitan — They invite us |
| los | them (m) | Los necesito — I need them |
| las | them (f) | Las quiero — I want them |
Indirect object pronouns indicate who receives the benefit or result of the action — the "to whom" or "for whom."
| Pronoun | Meaning | Example |
|---|---|---|
| me | to me | Me da el libro — He gives me the book |
| te | to you | Te escribo — I write to you |
| le | to him/her/you | Le digo la verdad — I tell him the truth |
| nos | to us | Nos enseña — She teaches us |
| les | to them | Les hablo — I speak to them |
Reflexive pronouns are used when the subject and object are the same person — the action reflects back.
| Pronoun | Example | Translation |
|---|---|---|
| me | Me levanto | I get up |
| te | Te duchas | You shower |
| se | Se viste | He/she gets dressed |
| nos | Nos sentamos | We sit down |
| se | Se acuestan | They go to bed |
Llamarse (to be called), levantarse (to get up), ducharse (to shower), vestirse (to get dressed), sentarse (to sit down), acostarse (to go to bed), despertarse (to wake up), lavarse (to wash oneself). These are daily routine verbs every beginner needs.
"I see her every day." — ___ veo todos los días.
"He gives us the keys." — ___ da las llaves.
"They wash themselves." — ___ lavan cada mañana.
"She calls me every night." — ___ llama cada noche.
"We study together." — ___ estudiamos juntos.
"I give him the book." — ___ doy el libro.
"Do you like the movie?" — A ___ te gusta...
"They love us." — ___ quieren mucho.
"He tells them the truth." — ___ dice la verdad.
"She looks at herself." — ___ mira en el espejo.
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